Summary:

• Hydra v1 marks a significant milestone: the protocol is now production-ready 
• It enables low-latency, off-chain transaction processing while maintaining Cardano’s security guarantees
• The latest release introduces a feature-complete Hydra Head protocol and major stability, interoperability, and API improvements
• It’s now validated through real-world use in Midnight’s Glacier…

Input | Output (IO) is thrilled to announce that the comprehensive analysis of Ouroboros Leios, the cutting-edge high-throughput protocol developed by Input | Output Research (IOR), has been accepted for presentation at the esteemed Crypto 2025 conference.

Organized by the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR), the event stands as one of the most prestigious…

In the new era of community-led governance, all of us will shape Cardano’s next chapter. Input | Output Engineering (IOE) has proposed roadmap priorities focused on scalability, usability, and interoperability. These initiatives, working in harmony with strong proposals from the wider developer community, are designed to take Cardano where it needs to go next, contributing to a…

As the Cardano ecosystem matures in 2025 and beyond, improving the core node software is one of several priorities for strengthening the network infrastructure. Introducing multiple, diverse node implementations – built by different teams and in different programming languages – can improve network resilience, reduce systemic risk, and better reflect the principles of…

Blockchain tokens can be used for many different purposes – for example, to send and receive payments, access services in decentralized applications (DApps), or store and transfer value. The utility of a token is determined by its use case, the market, or the community that issues or adopts it. Tokens can be:

• Fungible – identical and interchangeable, like reward points or units of the same currency
• Non-fungible (NFTs) – often representing unique items such as…