Input | Output Research invites community feedback on mid-year research progress
New Fundamental Research and Technology Validation draft reports detail breakthrough advances in Cardano scaling, security, and blockchain innovation under Work Program '25. The Cardano community is now invited to review these drafts on Cardano Forum
29 August 2025 8 mins read
Cardano Vision launched in 2025 with the Work Program 2025 (WP25), a five-year research initiative designed to secure Cardano’s long-term leadership in blockchain.
Today, Input | Output Research (IOR) proudly releases draft versions of its WP25 mid-year reports for Fundamental Research and Technology Validation, marking significant progress in Cardano’s evolution as a leading…
Professor Kiayias explores consensus evolution at Science of Blockchain Conference 2025
As others shun academic rigor, Input | Output (IO) continues to invest in formal methods, peer-reviewed science, and academic collaboration – because for IO, research isn't an afterthought, it's infrastructure.
22 August 2025 4 mins read
The 2025 Science of Blockchain Conference (SBC) brought together leading researchers, engineers, and academics at UC Berkeley to explore the theoretical foundations that underpin today’s blockchain systems. Input | Output (IO) had strong representation at this event, showcasing the organization’s continued commitment to bridging rigorous research with practical implementation.
Professor Aggelos Kiayias – IO’s Chief Scientist and Chair in Cyber Security and Privacy at the University of Edinburgh – delivered the keynote ‘The Evolving Art of Agreement…
Cardano's governance journey: a timeline for decentralized democracy
From community workshops to the world's first blockchain Constitution, Cardano has built blockchain's most ambitious governance system. This timeline traces three years of collaboration that culminated with fully autonomous democratic decision-making in 2025.
4 August 2025 6 mins read
The Cardano community has achieved something truly remarkable in the blockchain industry. Over the past three years, ada holders have helped build the most ambitious decentralized governance program in crypto - complete with its own Constitution, elected representatives, and fully autonomous decision-making systems. This timeline traces the key milestones in this extraordinary…
Cardano’s EUTXO model: bringing deterministic predictability to blockchain
Discover the simplicity, security, and power behind Cardano’s extended unspent transaction output (EUTXO) model
2 May 2025 3 mins read
Cardano builds on Bitcoin’s unspent transaction output (UTXO) model, enhancing it for smart contracts and complex applications without sacrificing security or simplicity. This advanced version, extended UTXO (EUTXO), offers significant benefits for developers and users.
In his recent video, Charles Hoskinson highlighted the model’s power:
‘When you look at EUTXO, it’s really hand…
Quality Engineering at IO: bridging research and reality in software development
20 November 2024 3 mins read
At Input | Output (IO), the journey from groundbreaking research to real-world impact is anything but ordinary. IO’s mission is clear: transform innovative ideas into software that genuinely improves users’ lives. But achieving this requires more than just great ideas – it demands a relentless commitment to quality and precision at every step of development. This is where…
Recent posts
Input | Output Research invites community feedback on mid-year research progress by Ivan Irakoze
29 August 2025
From idea to implementation: a look into IO's research and development by Nicolas Biri
26 August 2025
Unlocking zero-knowledge proofs for Cardano: the Halo2-Plutus verifier by Kris Bennett
26 August 2025