The 2025 Science of Blockchain Conference (SBC) brought together leading researchers, engineers, and academics at UC Berkeley to explore the theoretical foundations that underpin today’s blockchain systems. Input | Output (IO) had strong representation at this event, showcasing the organization’s continued commitment to bridging rigorous research with practical implementation.

Professor Aggelos Kiayias – IO’s Chief Scientist and Chair in Cyber Security and Privacy at the University of Edinburgh – delivered the keynote ‘The Evolving Art of Agreement…

The Cardano community has achieved something truly remarkable in the blockchain industry. Over the past three years, ada holders have helped build the most ambitious decentralized governance program in crypto - complete with its own Constitution, elected representatives, and fully autonomous decision-making systems. This timeline traces the key milestones in this extraordinary…

Cardano builds on Bitcoin’s unspent transaction output (UTXO) model, enhancing it for smart contracts and complex applications without sacrificing security or simplicity. This advanced version, extended UTXO (EUTXO), offers significant benefits for developers and users.

In his recent video, Charles Hoskinson highlighted the model’s power:

‘When you look at EUTXO, it’s really hand…

At Input | Output (IO), the journey from groundbreaking research to real-world impact is anything but ordinary. IO’s mission is clear: transform innovative ideas into software that genuinely improves users’ lives. But achieving this requires more than just great ideas – it demands a relentless commitment to quality and precision at every step of development. This is where…

The Input | Output (IO) Education team recently delivered a momentous Cardano developer course at the National Technological University (UTN) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The experience served both to cultivate deep technical learning and to leave a lasting impression on the education team through interactions with the local community and culture.

IO’s technical education lead, Karina Lopez, shares a glimpse into the highlights and stories from this two-week course, delivered in collaboration with Ada Labs for Blockchain Applications (ALBA)…